{"id":8783,"date":"2025-03-17T22:52:29","date_gmt":"2025-03-17T14:52:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.51dmea.cn\/archives\/8783"},"modified":"2025-03-17T22:52:29","modified_gmt":"2025-03-17T14:52:29","slug":"%e8%81%9a%e6%b0%a8%e9%85%af%e6%b0%b4%e6%80%a7%e6%b6%82%e6%96%99%e6%8a%97%e9%bb%84%e5%8f%98%e5%89%82%e5%9c%a8%e8%88%b9%e8%88%b6%e9%98%b2%e8%85%90%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.51dmea.cn\/archives\/8783","title":{"rendered":"\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6c34\u6027\u6d82\u6599\u6297\u9ec4\u53d8\u5242\u5728\u8239\u8236\u9632\u8150\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6c34\u6027\u6d82\u6599\u6297\u9ec4\u53d8\u5242\uff1a\u8239\u8236\u9632\u8150\u7684\u201c\u5b88\u62a4\u8005\u201d<\/h1>\n

\u5f15\u8a00\uff1a\u4ece\u6d77\u6d0b\u5230\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u5947\u5999\u65c5\u7a0b<\/h2>\n

\u5728\u6d69\u701a\u7684\u5927\u6d77\u4e2d\uff0c\u8239\u8236\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u5f81\u670d\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u8c6a\u534e\u90ae\u8f6e\u8fd8\u662f\u5de5\u4e1a\u8d27\u8f6e\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u540c\u7684\u654c\u4eba\u2014\u2014\u8150\u8680\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65e0\u58f0\u65e0\u606f\u7684\u7834\u574f\u529b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5a01\u80c1\u7740\u8239\u8236\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u7f29\u77ed\u5176\u4f7f\u7528\u5bff\u547d\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u7ef4\u62a4\u6210\u672c\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u96be\u9898\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u795e\u5947\u7684\u6b66\u5668\u2014\u2014\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6c34\u6027\u6d82\u6599\u6297\u9ec4\u53d8\u5242\u3002\u5b83\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u4f4d\u5fe0\u8bda\u7684\u201c\u5b88\u62a4\u8005\u201d\uff0c\u4e3a\u8239\u8236\u62ab\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c42\u575a\u4e0d\u53ef\u6467\u7684\u9632\u62a4\u94e0\u7532\u3002<\/p>\n

\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6c34\u6027\u6d82\u6599\u6297\u9ec4\u53d8\u5242\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u9632\u6b62\u6d82\u5c42\u8001\u5316\u548c\u53d8\u8272\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u7269\u8d28\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u6291\u5236\u7d2b\u5916\u7ebf\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u5ef6\u7f13\u4e86\u6d82\u5c42\u56e0\u957f\u671f\u66b4\u9732\u4e8e\u9633\u5149\u4e0b\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u9ec4\u8272\u5316\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ecf\u5e38\u822a\u884c\u5728\u9ad8\u76d0\u5206\u3001\u5f3a\u65e5\u7167\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u8239\u8236\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6297\u9ec4\u53d8\u5242\u663e\u5f97\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u5916\u89c2\u7f8e\u611f\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u589e\u5f3a\u6d82\u5c42\u7684\u8010\u4e45\u6027\u548c\u9644\u7740\u529b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u62b5\u5fa1\u6d77\u6d0b\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4fb5\u8680\u3002<\/p>\n

\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ece\u591a\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6c34\u6027\u6d82\u6599\u6297\u9ec4\u53d8\u5242\u5728\u8239\u8236\u9632\u8150\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5b83\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6e0a\u6e90\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u5217\u4e3e\u5b9e\u9645\u6848\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u5176\u5353\u8d8a\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6297\u9ec4\u53d8\u5242\u4ee5\u53ca\u672a\u6765\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u8e0f\u4e0a\u8fd9\u6bb5\u63a2\u7d22\u4e4b\u65c5\uff0c\u63ed\u5f00\u8fd9\u679a\u201c\u9632\u8150\u79d8\u94a5\u201d\u7684\u795e\u79d8\u9762\u7eb1\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n


\n

\u5386\u53f2\u6eaf\u6e90\uff1a\u4ece\u5076\u7136\u53d1\u73b0\u5230\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528<\/h2>\n

\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6c34\u6027\u6d82\u6599\u6297\u9ec4\u53d8\u5242\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u523020\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u5965\u6258\u00b7\u62dc\u8033\uff08Otto Bayer\uff09\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u5f02\u6c30\u9178\u916f\u65f6\uff0c\u65e0\u610f\u95f4\u5408\u6210\u51fa\u4e86\u79cd\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6750\u6599\u3002\u867d\u7136\u521d\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5236\u9020\u5f39\u6027\u7ea4\u7ef4\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u5feb\u4eba\u4eec\u5c31\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6750\u6599\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u8010\u78e8\u6027\u548c\u67d4\u97e7\u6027\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4f5c\u4fdd\u62a4\u6d82\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d82\u6599\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u81f4\u547d\u7f3a\u9677\uff1a\u5728\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u9633\u5149\u7167\u5c04\u4e0b\u5bb9\u6613\u53d1\u751f\u9ec4\u53d8\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5f71\u54cd\u7f8e\u89c2\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d82\u5c42\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5f00\u59cb\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5728\u914d\u65b9\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u5404\u79cd\u6297\u6c27\u5316\u5242\u548c\u5149\u7a33\u5b9a\u5242\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u7ec8\u4e8e\u8bde\u751f\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6c34\u6027\u6d82\u6599\u6297\u9ec4\u53d8\u5242\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6297\u9ec4\u53d8\u5242\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u4e4b\u8def<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u65f6\u95f4\u9636\u6bb5<\/th>\n\u5173\u952e\u8fdb\u5c55<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1930s-1950s<\/td>\n\u53d1\u73b0\u5e76\u521d\u6b65\u5e94\u7528\u915a\u7c7b\u6297\u6c27\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u7f13\u89e3\u90e8\u5206\u9ec4\u53d8\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1960s-1980s<\/td>\n\u5f00\u53d1\u53cc\u915aA\u578b\u7d2b\u5916\u5438\u6536\u5242\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u6d82\u5c42\u6297\u9ec4\u53d8\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1990s\u81f3\u4eca<\/td>\n\u5f15\u5165\u7eb3\u7c73\u6280\u672f\u548c\u5206\u5b50\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4f18\u5316\u6297\u9ec4\u53d8\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u964d\u4f4e\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u73af\u4fdd\u6cd5\u89c4\u65e5\u76ca\u4e25\u683c\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u6eb6\u5242\u578b\u6d82\u6599\u9010\u6e10\u88ab\u6dd8\u6c70\uff0c\u53d6\u800c\u4ee3\u4e4b\u7684\u662f\u66f4\u52a0\u73af\u4fdd\u7684\u6c34\u6027\u6d82\u6599\u3002\u800c\u6297\u9ec4\u53d8\u5242\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6210\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u5347\u7ea7\u6362\u4ee3\uff0c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n


\n

\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u63ed\u79d8\u6297\u9ec4\u53d8\u7684\u9b54\u6cd5<\/h2>\n

\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6c34\u6027\u6d82\u6599\u6297\u9ec4\u53d8\u5242\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u591f\u62b5\u6297\u9ec4\u53d8\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5f52\u529f\u4e8e\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u4f5c\u7528\u673a\u5236\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    \u5438\u6536\u7d2b\u5916\u7ebf<\/strong>
    \n\u6297\u9ec4\u53d8\u5242\u4e2d\u542b\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u6ce2\u957f\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u7d2b\u5916\u5438\u6536\u57fa\u56e2\uff08\u5982\u5e76\u4e09\u5511\u6216\u7f9f\u57fa\u4e8c\u916e\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u56e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u201c\u6d77\u7ef5\u201d\u4e00\u6837\u5438\u6536\u592a\u9633\u5149\u4e2d\u7684\u6709\u5bb3\u7d2b\u5916\u7ebf\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u70ed\u80fd\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u53bb\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u7d2b\u5916\u7ebf\u76f4\u63a5\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u6d82\u5c42\u5206\u5b50\u94fe\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    \u6dec\u706d\u81ea\u7531\u57fa<\/strong>
    \n\u5f53\u7d2b\u5916\u7ebf\u7a7f\u900f\u6d82\u5c42\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u5927\u91cf\u6d3b\u6027\u6c27\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u662f\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d82\u5c42\u964d\u89e3\u548c\u9ec4\u53d8\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u6297\u9ec4\u53d8\u5242\u4e2d\u7684\u6297\u6c27\u5316\u6210\u5206\uff08\u5982\u53d7\u963b\u80fa\u7c7b\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fde\u9501\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8d77\u5230\u201c\u706d\u706b\u5668\u201d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    \u5206\u6563\u5e94\u529b\u96c6\u4e2d\u70b9<\/strong>
    \n\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6d82\u5c42\u8868\u9762\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u673a\u68b0\u635f\u4f24\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u56e0\u7d20\u5f62\u6210\u5fae\u5c0f\u88c2\u7eb9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u88c2\u7eb9\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u7d2b\u5916\u7ebf\u4fb5\u5165\u7684\u901a\u9053\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u9ec4\u53d8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u6297\u9ec4\u53d8\u5242\u901a\u8fc7\u6539\u5584\u6d82\u5c42\u7684\u67d4\u97e7\u6027\u548c\u5747\u4e00\u6027\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u5e94\u529b\u96c6\u4e2d\u70b9\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5ef6\u7f13\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u4e00\u573a\u6218\u4e89\uff1a\u7d2b\u5916\u7ebf\u662f\u5165\u4fb5\u8005\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u662f\u7834\u574f\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u6297\u9ec4\u53d8\u5242\u5219\u662f\u82f1\u52c7\u7684\u6218\u58eb\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u6321\u4f4f\u654c\u4eba\u7684\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u5bb6\u56ed\uff08\u5373\u6d82\u5c42\uff09\u4e0d\u53d7\u4fb5\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n


    \n

    \u6027\u80fd\u53c2\u6570\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u8bf4\u8bdd\u7684\u529b\u91cf<\/h2>\n

    \u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6c34\u6027\u6d82\u6599\u6297\u9ec4\u53d8\u5242\u5728\u6027\u80fd\u4e0a\u5404\u6709\u5343\u79cb\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u51e0\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u53c2\u6570\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u53c2\u6570\u540d\u79f0<\/th>\n\u4ea7\u54c1A<\/th>\n\u4ea7\u54c1B<\/th>\n\u4ea7\u54c1C<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    \u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206<\/td>\n\u7f9f\u57fa\u4e8c\u916e<\/td>\n\u5e76\u4e09\u5511<\/td>\n\u53d7\u963b\u80fa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u5438\u6536\u6ce2\u957f\uff08nm\uff09<\/td>\n290-350<\/td>\n300-400<\/td>\n\u4e0d\u9002\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u521d\u59cb\u989c\u8272\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff08\u0394E\uff09<\/td>\n\u22640.5<\/td>\n\u22640.3<\/td>\n\u22640.4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u8010\u5019\u6027\uff08\u5c0f\u65f6\uff09<\/td>\n>1000<\/td>\n>2000<\/td>\n>1500<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u6eb6\u89e3\u6027\uff08g\/L\uff09<\/td>\n\u2265200<\/td>\n\u2265150<\/td>\n\u2265100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u73af\u4fdd\u7b49\u7ea7<\/td>\n\u9ad8<\/td>\n\u4e2d<\/td>\n\u4f4e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u4ece\u8868\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u4ea7\u54c1B\u867d\u7136\u521d\u59cb\u6210\u672c\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u51ed\u501f\u51fa\u8272\u7684\u8010\u5019\u6027\u548c\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u9ec4\u53d8\u7387\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u6765\u770b\u53cd\u800c\u66f4\u5177\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e94\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u548c\u9884\u7b97\u8981\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u578b\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n


    \n

    \u5e94\u7528\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u7684\u771f\u529f\u592b<\/h2>\n

    \u4e3a\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6c34\u6027\u6d82\u6599\u6297\u9ec4\u53d8\u5242\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u591a\u6b21\u5b9e\u5730\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \u6848\u4f8b\u80cc\u666f<\/h3>\n

    \u67d0\u56fd\u9645\u822a\u8fd0\u516c\u53f8\u8ba1\u5212\u4e3a\u5176\u65d7\u4e0b\u4e00\u8258\u96c6\u88c5\u7bb1\u8239\u66f4\u6362\u65b0\u7684\u9632\u8150\u6d82\u5c42\u3002\u8be5\u8239\u5e38\u5e74\u5f80\u8fd4\u4e8e\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\u81f3\u4e2d\u4e1c\u822a\u7ebf\uff0c\u6cbf\u9014\u6c14\u5019\u708e\u70ed\uff0c\u6d77\u6c34\u542b\u76d0\u91cf\u6781\u9ad8\uff0c\u5bf9\u6d82\u5c42\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e25\u5cfb\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h3>\n

    \u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5c06\u8239\u4f53\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u6d82\u8986\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u79cd\u6d82\u5c42\uff1a<\/p>\n