{"id":9015,"date":"2025-03-19T19:35:58","date_gmt":"2025-03-19T11:35:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.51dmea.cn\/archives\/9015"},"modified":"2025-03-19T19:35:58","modified_gmt":"2025-03-19T11:35:58","slug":"pc41%e5%82%ac%e5%8c%96%e5%89%82%e5%9c%a8%e5%86%9b%e7%94%a8%e4%bc%aa%e8%a3%85%e7%bd%91%e8%81%9a%e6%b0%a8%e9%85%af%e6%b6%82%e5%b1%82%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%a4%9a%e5%85%89%e8%b0%b1%e9%9a%90%e8%ba%ab","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.51dmea.cn\/archives\/9015","title":{"rendered":"PC41\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u5728\u519b\u7528\u4f2a\u88c5\u7f51\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d82\u5c42\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u5149\u8c31\u9690\u8eab\u6027\u80fd\u5f3a\u5316\u65b9\u6848"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d82\u5c42\u56e0\u5176\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u8c03\u6027\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4f2a\u88c5\u7f51\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6750\u6599\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u4f18\u5316\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d82\u5c42\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u540c\u65f6\u6ee1\u8db3\u591a\u5149\u8c31\u9690\u8eab\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4eec\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u6311\u6218\u3002\u800cPC41\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u7684\u5f15\u5165\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u96be\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
PC41\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u3002\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u663e\u8457\u52a0\u901f\u5f02\u6c30\u9178\u916f\u4e0e\u591a\u5143\u9187\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6d82\u5c42\u7684\u56fa\u5316\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u7ec8\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cPC41\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e0d\u727a\u7272\u5176\u4ed6\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\u6d82\u5c42\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u548c\u70ed\u5b66\u7279\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97PC41\u6210\u4e3a\u5f3a\u5316\u519b\u7528\u4f2a\u88c5\u7f51\u591a\u5149\u8c31\u9690\u8eab\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecePC41\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u53c2\u6570\u5165\u624b\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u63a2\u8ba8\u5176\u5728\u519b\u7528\u4f2a\u88c5\u7f51\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d82\u5c42\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u5176\u5bf9\u591a\u5149\u8c31\u9690\u8eab\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5c55\u793aPC41\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u4f18\u8d8a\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u80fd\u591f\u4e3a\u76f8\u5173\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8981\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3PC41\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u519b\u7528\u4f2a\u88c5\u7f51\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u7279\u70b9\u6709\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002PC41\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u5e76\u975e\u666e\u901a\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7cbe\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u590d\u5408\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86\u5b83\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5353\u8d8a\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662fPC41\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u53c2\u6570\u53ca\u5176\u542b\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u53c2\u6570\u540d\u79f0<\/th>\n | \u53c2\u6570\u503c<\/th>\n | \u63cf\u8ff0<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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\u5916\u89c2<\/td>\n | \u6de1\u9ec4\u8272\u900f\u660e\u6db2\u4f53<\/td>\n | \u6e05\u6f88\u7684\u5916\u89c2\u4fbf\u4e8e\u89c2\u5bdf\u53cd\u5e94\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u65e0\u6742\u8d28\u5e72\u6270\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0825\u2103\uff09<\/td>\n | 1.02 g\/cm\u00b3<\/td>\n | \u9002\u4e2d\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4f7f\u5176\u6613\u4e8e\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u539f\u6599\u6df7\u5408\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u6405\u62cc\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
\u7c98\u5ea6\uff0825\u2103\uff09<\/td>\n | 30 mPa\u00b7s<\/td>\n | \u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u7c98\u5ea6\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5747\u5300\u5206\u6563\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5c40\u90e8\u8fc7\u91cf\u6216\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
\u6d3b\u6027\u6e29\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4<\/td>\n | -20\u2103\u81f380\u2103<\/td>\n | \u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6e29\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u4f7f\u5176\u9002\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u73af\u5883\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u6781\u7aef\u6c14\u5019\u4e0b\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
\u50ac\u5316\u6548\u7387<\/td>\n | \u9ad8\u6548<\/td>\n | \u5355\u4f4d\u8d28\u91cf\u4e0b\u80fd\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u80fd\u8017\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027<\/td>\n | \u826f\u597d<\/td>\n | \u53ef\u4e0e\u591a\u79cd\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u539f\u6599\u517c\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u7ec8\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u7269\u7406\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u4ece\u4e0a\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0cPC41\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u50ac\u5316\u6548\u7387\u548c\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5176\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u519b\u7528\u4f2a\u88c5\u7f51\u7684\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d82\u5c42\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u5728\u590d\u6742\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u4fdd\u6301\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n \u7279\u70b9\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\nPC41\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u7684\u5927\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u5176\u9ad8\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u50ac\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u5730\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5e72\u6270\u5176\u4ed6\u65e0\u5173\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d82\u5c42\u7684\u5236\u5907\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0cPC41\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f18\u5148\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5f02\u6c30\u9178\u916f\u4e0e\u591a\u5143\u9187\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u8054\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u526f\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7cbe\u786e\u63a7\u5236\u5bf9\u4e8e\u786e\u4fdd\u6d82\u5c42\u7684\u591a\u5149\u8c31\u9690\u8eab\u6027\u80fd\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n 2. \u5feb\u901f\u56fa\u5316<\/strong><\/h3>\n\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cPC41\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65f6\u5145\u5206\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u73af\u4fdd\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u542b\u91cd\u91d1\u5c5e\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6709\u6bd2\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u7b26\u5408\u56fd\u9645\u73af\u4fdd\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4f4e\u6325\u53d1\u6027\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4e5f\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9690\u60a3\u3002<\/p>\n 4. \u8010\u5019\u6027\u5f3a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\nR-NCO + HO-R’-OH \u2192 R-NH-COO-R’ + H_2O \n]<\/p>\n \nk = A cdot e^{-E_a\/RT} \n]<\/p>\n 1. \u53ef\u89c1\u5149\u9690\u8eab<\/strong><\/h3>\n\u7ea2\u5916\u9690\u8eab\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6d82\u5c42\u7684\u70ed\u8f90\u5c04\u7279\u6027\u548c\u5bfc\u70ed\u6027\u80fd\u3002PC41\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u63a7\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u7684\u4ea4\u8054\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u6d82\u5c42\u7684\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u5176\u8868\u9762\u6e29\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u654f\u611f\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u80fd\u4fc3\u8fdb\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u586b\u6599\uff08\u5982\u9676\u74f7\u5fae\u7c89\uff09\u5728\u6d82\u5c42\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u6563\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4f18\u5316\u7ea2\u5916\u9690\u8eab\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n 3. \u96f7\u8fbe\u6ce2\u9690\u8eab<\/strong><\/h3>\n\u7d2b\u5916\u7ebf\u9690\u8eab\u4e3b\u8981\u6d89\u53ca\u6d82\u5c42\u7684\u6297\u8001\u5316\u6027\u80fd\u3002PC41\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u901a\u8fc7\u589e\u5f3a\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u7684\u6297\u6c27\u5316\u548c\u6297\u7d2b\u5916\u7ebf\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5ef6\u957f\u4e86\u6d82\u5c42\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u5bff\u547d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u5176\u5728\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u9690\u8eab\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n \u5b9e\u9a8c\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/h2>\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1PC41\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u90e8\u5206\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n
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